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juliewaithera
2022年8月10日

  • 英语 (美国)
  • 英语 (英国)
  • 韩语
关于韩语 的问题

Subject markers 和 Topic markers 有什么区别？如果难以说明的话，请教我一下例句。

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9ji
2022年8月10日

  • 韩语

here is the link that i explained
https://youtu.be/kAyzeuE-L-s

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juliewaithera
2022年8月11日

  • 英语 (美国)
  • 英语 (英国)
@korean_tutor thank you... let me check it out
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juliewaithera
2022年8月11日

  • 英语 (美国)
  • 英语 (英国)
@korean_tutor I have just watched the video. Thank you for explaining. It gave me a fresh look on the concept.
I have a question though...
In your video I was able to understand based on the old/new information context and you used question and answer format. How do I know which marker to use if I am not answering a question but making a statement?
For example
제 친구는 차를 없어요.
제 친구가 차를 없어요.
What is the meaning of these two sentences with reference to the markers?
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9ji
2022年8月11日

  • 韩语

that's why I always teach my students with particles

verb 없다 do not have
present tense 없어요

차 없어요 don't have a car
가방 없어요 don't have a bag
na na na na, normal people teaches like this

but the best way to learn grammar is to remember the grammar with what particle they used.

N이/가 없어요
차가 없어요 don't have a car (O)
차를 없어요 (X)

가방이 없어요 don't have a bag (O)
가방을 없어요 (X)



and topic/subject markers.
제 친구는 차가 없어요.
제 친구가 차가 없어요.
grammatically both are correct.

제 친구는 : topic marker 는
you going to talk about 제 친구's statement/condition,
은/는 is like "am, is, are" in english.

제 친구는 차가 없어요.
my friend doesn't have a car.

제 친구는 my friend is
+
차가 없어요 don't have a car

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juliewaithera
2022年8月12日

  • 英语 (美国)
  • 英语 (英国)
@korean_tutor Thank you for correcting me!
I understand now!
없다 only takes the particles 이/가
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9ji
2022年8月12日

  • 韩语

@juliewaithera mostly use with 이/가
but 은/는 also can be used with 있다/없다

the last check point between 은/는 and 이/가,
은/는 can be used when we compare 2 subjects.

차가 없어요 it means simply "i don't have a car"
차는 없어요 it means "i don't have a car" same translated
but
"차는 없어요" : the particle 는 from this sentence, has meaning of "comparison"
which means "I don't have a car (but i have someting"

- 가방은 있어요. 하지만 차는 없어요.
- i have a bag but i don't have a car

this sentence, i compare 가방 and 차,
that's why i used particle 은/는 instead of 이/가

so when someone say "차는 없어요" it means someone don't have a car but have something else

example 1)
A: 돈 있어요? do you have money?
B: 동전이 있어요 i have a coin

"B has coin", that's all. there is no more meaning than this.


example 2)
A: 돈 있어요? do you have money?
B: 동전은 있어요 i have a coin

B said 동전은 있어요 instead of 동전이 있어요.
it means B has coin, but B doesn't have paper money

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juliewaithera
2022年8月13日

  • 英语 (美国)
  • 英语 (英国)
@korean_tutor Woah! This makes a lot of sense. I understand. Thank you so much!
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9ji
2022年8月14日

  • 韩语

@juliewaithera you're very welcome 👍

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